Numerals in Lezgi
Cardinal numerals
Numbers from 0 to 19 are as follows:
ноль | zero | цIуд | ten | |
сад | one | цIусад | eleven | |
кьвед | two | цIикьвед | twelve | |
пуд | three | цIипуд | thirteen | |
кьуд | four | цIикьуд | fourteen | |
вад | five | цIувад | fifteen | |
ругуд | six | цIуругуд | sixteen | |
ирид | seven | цIерид | seventeen | |
муьжуьд | eight | цIемуьжуьд | eighteen | |
кIуьд | nine | цIекIуьд | nineteen |
All you will need to count up to one hundred:
къад | twenty | яхцIур | forty |
пудкъад | sixty (3 * 20) | кьудкъад | eighty (4 * 20) |
The last two
виш | hundred | агьзур | thousand |
How does this system work ?
With numbers up to twenty counting anything in Lezgi is very very simple, you simply put a given number before a noun (if need be) and that's it. The noun remains in singular
(пуд гада - literally "three boy") and
everything is ok. A small thing to remember - "сад" and "кьвед" lose their
"д"'s when used before nouns. Thus we say - кьве гада "two boys"
Above twenty it may be a little bit unusual to you as the Lezgi numerals
similarly to the French ones, are based on the vigesimal system in which "20"
not "10" is the base number. "Twenty" in Lezgi is "къад", and higher numbers are formed by adding the suffix
-ни to the word (which becomes "къанни" - the same change occurs in
пудкъад and кьудкъад) and putting the remaining number
afterwards. This way 24 for instance is къанни кьуд "20 and 4" and 37
къанни цIерид "20 and 17".
Numbers over 40 are formed similarly (
яхцIур becomes яхцIурни) .60 and 80 are treated likewise.
For numbers over 100 we just put a number of hundreds then (if need be) the word with a suffix, then the remaining number 659 is thus
ругуд вишни яхцIурни цIекIуьд
Same procedure follows for 1000, too... 1989
is агьзурни кIуьд вишни кьудкъанни кIуьд in Lezgi
Ordinal numerals
These are formed in a pretty straightforward manner in Lezgi. You just add the word лагьай (meaning 'said') to the cardinal (ie. normal) number and that's it, with no fancy changes. To give you some examples. "сад лагьай" means 'first', "кьвед лагьай" means 'second', "яхцIур лагьай" - guess what ? - 'the fourtieth. Easy, ain't it ?
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